Remembering the Horror of 9/11

Knox/Yahoo: A previously unpublished behind-the-scenes account of President George W. Bush’s response in the traumatic minutes and hours after the 9/11 attacks shows him preparing for military action, serving up several doses of his trademark Western swagger and openly worrying about the safety of his wife, his daughters and his Scottish terrier, Barney.

Flooded with inaccurate reports — of a credible threat to Air Force One, of a car bomb at the State Department, of an airliner crashing near Camp David, of a “high-speed object” screaming toward his Texas ranch — Bush pressed intelligence officials for information and resolved to try to reassure Americans even as security concerns kept him away from Washington, D.C., for most of the day.

On Sept. 11, 2001, at 10:37 a.m., not quite two hours after al-Qaida terrorists crashed the first hijacked airliner into the north tower of the World Trade Center, Bush and top aides aboard Air Force One watched as a hair-removal commercial came on the airplane’s television screens, interrupting a channel’s coverage of the national tragedy.

These chaotic, sometimes surreal details come from six pages of handwritten notes taken by Ari Fleischer, Bush’s press secretary at the time. Fleischer provided the notes to me and to Steve Holland of Reuters, two print reporters who were with the president on what was supposed to have been a humdrum, even newsless education-themed trip to Sarasota, Fla., 15 years ago. (Fleischer has previously tweeted what it was like behind the scenes on 9/11 but has never published his entire notes from that day.)

There are no shocking revelations in Fleischer’s real-time narrative, which 9/11 Commission investigators reviewed as they compiled their report. But Fleischer’s detailed account helps to flesh out how Bush and his top advisers reacted to catastrophic attacks that still shape America’s national security policies and public debate today. It also serves as a good reminder of how little the reporters who cover a president see of the way the commander in chief does the people’s work — and thus as a good reminder of the importance of laws requiring the preservation and potential release of official documents. Fleischer told Yahoo News that two sections are redacted, at 10:37 a.m. and 10:41 a.m., when he wrote down the location of secure facilities where Bush daughters, Barbara and Jenna, were taken. Yahoo News has included a digital version of the notes here to give readers the ability to review them for themselves.

9/11 documents

The chronology starts when top political adviser Karl Rove tells Bush about the first crash. The entry is labeled 8:45 a.m., a minute before the actual time of the first attack, an understandable lapse at a time of uncertainty and crisis. It then skips to 9:45 a.m., with the president aboard Air Force One. “Sounds like we have a minor war going on here. I heard about the Pentagon,” he tells Vice President Dick Cheney. Not long thereafter, Bush tells congressional leaders by phone: “We’re at war.”

An entry at 10:20 a.m. notes Bush “authorized shoot down if reason” — a reference to the president deciding that, if a hijacked airliner were dangerously on course with a potential target, fighter planes could be allowed to fire. The false threat to Air Force One — “Angel is next” — comes in via the White House switchboard at 10:32 a.m.

Five minutes later, the hair-removal commercial comes on. That’s also when Fleischer records that the Bush daughters are safe: “girls removed 2 safe house.”

The 10:37 a.m. entry is also when Bush asks White House Chief of Staff Andy Card — best remembered for whispering word of the second attack into the president’s ear in an elementary school classroom at the Florida stop — about Barney. “He’s nipping at the heels of Osama bin Laden right now,” Card replies. Officials get word that a plane “has crashed in the vicinity of Camp David, but Rove quickly corrects that to “50 [miles] outside of Pittsburgh.”

PDF: Bush aide’s behind-the-scenes 9-11 notes show chaos >>>

At 10:41 a.m., Bush learns that his daughters have been moved to a more secure location. “How did they take it?” he asks. “They wanted 2 stay in their apartments,” an aide replies.

At 10:55 a.m., Rove lets other officials know that reports of a car bomb at the State Department were wrong.

Bush makes another momentous decision at 11:00 a.m., taking U.S. forces to the increased DEFCON 3 state of readiness.

At 12:25 p.m., speaking to Cheney from Barksdale Air Force Base in Louisiana, Bush says, “I think it’s important 4 ppl 2 see the gov is functioning because TV shows our nation has been blasted and bombed. Gov is not chaotic. It’s functioning smoothly. We’re going 2 get the bastards.” And, later, the president declares, “It’s the new war. It’s the faceless coward that [attacks].”

At 12:40 p.m. Bush announces, “I can’t wait to find out who did it. It’s going to take a while + we’re not going 2 have a little slap on the wrist crap.”

9/11 documents

The president speaks to Democratic Sen. Chuck Schumer of New York at 12:55 p.m. “We’ll come together. God Bless.”

On the phone with Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld, Bush says it will soon be up to the Pentagon “to respond.”

At 1:05 p.m., another inaccurate report: “high-speed object heading 4 POTUS ranch” in Crawford, Texas.

“I want 2 go back home ASAP,” Bush says aboard Air Force One at 1:25 p.m. “I don’t want whoever this is holding me outside of Washington.”

At 1:35 p.m., Bush declares “this administration will spend whatever is necessary 2 find, hunt down, and destroy whoever did this.”

The president speaks to New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani and New York Gov. George Pataki by phone at 2:25 p.m., promising to do “anything we can do to help you.” He also notes “some possibility of a second wave” of attacks.

At 2:58 p.m., Bush tells an aide “we need 2 get back to Wash. We don’t need some tinhorn terrorist to scare us off. The Am ppl want 2 know where their dang P is.”

At 4:26 p.m., the president tells his personal military aide that he’s going back to Washington.

At 4:39 p.m., after another stop, this one at Offutt Air Force Base in Nebraska, Bush finally speaks to first lady Laura Bush. “I’m coming home. See you at the White House,” he said. “Love you … go on home.” And, he adds, “If I’m in the WH and there’s a plane coming my way, all I can say is I hope I read my bible that day.”

At 5:05 p.m., Bush learns Cheney has briefed congressional leaders, who will come to the White House a day later. “We will find these ppl + they will suffer the consequences of taking on this nation,” Bush says. “We will do what it takes. Everyone must understand this will not stand.”

Over the next few hours, Bush speaks to British Prime Minister Tony Blair as aides plan briefings for Congress and start to chart the way forward after the worst attack on U.S. soil since Pearl Harbor. At one point, Fleischer’s chronology notes, the directive comes down: “No loose lips.”

9/11 documents

View photos

Courtesy of Ari Fleischer

 

Al-Qaeda’s U.S.-Born Leader Adam Gadahn And 9/11

MEMRI: On April 23, 2015, the White House announced that Adam Gadahn, known as Al-Qaeda’s American spokesman and a major figure in the organization’s media apparatus, including its media wing Al-Sahab, had been unintentionally killed in a January 2015 U.S. drone attack in the Afghanistan-Pakistan border region.[1] Gadahn had been charged with treason in October 2006 – the first U.S. citizen to be so charged since World War II. 

In 2004, at age 26, Gadahn made it to the FBI’s most wanted list. He trained in Afghanistan terrorist camps, and was asked by 9/11 mastermind Khalid Sheik Muhammad to join a plot for a suicide attack outside Baltimore. A sealed indictment dated September 8, 2006 accused Gadahn, aka Al-Qaeda operative “Azzam the American,” of helping the terror organization with communications and propaganda, serving as its Engli sh translator, and providing it with information about American culture and vulnerabilities. The following month, the U.S. government formally announced treason charges against him. 

Adam Pearlman’s parents converted to Christianity and took the last name Gadahn. Adam’s first contact with Islam came when his father sold meat he had slaughtered to Muslim halal markets. As a 17-year-old, Adam embraced Islam at an Orange County California mosque.  

Both Gadahn’s knowledge of American culture and his media skill s played a significant role in the development of Al-Sahab, the Al-Qaeda media company; he was one of its key officials. He also laid the groundwork for other homegrown terrorists and for the use of the Internet for cyber jihad. High-ranking members of the Al-Qaeda leadership – even leader Ayman Al-Zawahiri – told Americans to listen to his words. 

In the numerous videos that Gadahn made for Al-Sahab, the 9/11 attacks were a frequent theme. A video released September 12, 2005 showed him noting that “four years after the blessed raids on New York and Washington, we find the people of the West continuing to speculate” about the motivation and objectives behind 9/11 and other major terror attacks. He went on to clarify: “A s Sheikh Osama has told you repeatedly, your security is dependent on our security. You can’t have one without the other. If you ensure our security, you will have automatically ensured your own… We are Muslims; we love peace but peace on our terms. Peace that is laid down by Islam, not the so called peace of occupiers and dictators.”

Gadahn with image of burning World Trade Center in background 

In an Al-Sahab video released September 10, 2006, titled “Knowledge Is For Acting Upon – The Manhattan Raid,” Gadahn noted that “all the brothers who took part in the raids on America were dedicated, strong-willed, highly motivated individuals with a burning concern for Islam and Muslims… All of them had lived and studied in the West. All of them had the world within their reach if they had wanted it. But how could they live with themselves if they were to enjoy this worldly life while their Ummah [Muslim nation] burns… In hindsight, everything that Al-Qaeda was doing was preparation for the Manhattan and Washington raids and the expected crusader invasion…”

Another video, titled “Mujahideen Don’t Target Muslims” and released December 12, 2009, featured Gadahn criticizing the Arab media for floating 9/11 conspiracy theories, underlining that Al-Qaeda deserved full credit for the attacks. A March 7, 2010 video titled “A Call to Arms” showed him stating: “As the blessed operations of September 11th showed, a little imagination and planning and a minimal budget can turn almost anything into a deadly, effective and convenient weapon which can take the enemy by surprise and deprive him of sleep for years on end.”

Finally, in an October 24, 2010 video, he encouraged “Muslim brothers residing in the states of the Zio-Crusader coalition” to carry out lone wolf attacks at home, saying: “My brothers: Know that jihad is your duty as well, and that you have an opportunity to strik e the leaders of unbelief and retaliate against them on their own soil… Here you are in the battlefield, just like heroes before you, like Muhammad Atta and his fellow [9/11] pilots…”

On June 25, 2015, two months after his death was announced, Al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent (AQIS) published a special issue of its English-language magazine Resurgence featuring a lengthy interview with Gadahn.[2] In the interview, which stretches over 80 pages, Gadahn talks about his youth and his conversion to Islam, his radicalization and turn to militancy, and his experiences as a new recruit in Al-Qaeda’s training camps. He also discusses a wide range of topics on the global jihad movement, such as his and Al-Qaeda’s attitudes to the Islamic State (ISIS).

The interview also focuses on the 9/11 attacks; Gadahn notes that as soon as he joined Al-Qaeda, he was “immediately” brought to one of the organization’s main training camps in Afghanistan to train with some of the “muscle men” of 9/11; that he had met some of the 9/11 planners and attackers; that his initial reaction to the attacks was “exhilaration” as well as “apprehension”; that some people had had “prophetic dreams” predicting 9/11; that following the fall of the Islamic Emirate in Afghanistan, 9/11 ma stermind Khalid Sheikh Muhammad had “hosted and sheltered” him and his “emigrant brothers”; and more.

Cover of Resurgence Summer 2015 issue featuring Gadahn 

The following report highlights Gadahn’s statements in his Resurgence interview on the subject of 9/11. They are excerpted from the forthcoming book American Traitor – The Rise and Fall of Al-Qaeda’s U.S.-Born Leader Adam Gadahn 

As Soon As He Joined Al-Qaeda, He Was Taken “Immediately” To Mes Aynak Training Camp Where 9/11 “Muscle Men” Trained

Resurgence: “We’ll delve into the topic of Takfeerism in more detail later (Allah willing), but right now, let’s return to the moment you joined Al-Qaeda. What happened when you were introduced to Sheikh Abu Muhammad Al-Misri (may Allah preserve him)?”

Gadahn: “As I recall, he asked me a few questions. Then he handed me over to Brother Khallad (Waleed bin Attash) and Sheikh Abu Al-Faraj Al-Libi (may Allah deliver them), who took me immediately to one of the main Al-Qaeda training camps at that time, which was located at the Mes Aynak copper mine in Logar province. There I was enrolled at once in an extremely difficult course which had already started some days or even weeks before. This course was taught by a tough drill sergeant known as Salahuddin the Iranian – who may have been a Baloch or a Kurd or a Persian convert from Shi’ism – assisted by a (not-so-tough) Tanzanian broth er called Abu Qatada. The focus was on close-range fighting using martial arts techniques and light weapons like knives and pistols. From what I gathered from the other brothers enrolled in the course, it was meant to train new bodyguards for Sheikh Osama bin Laden (may Allah have mercy on him). However, I later came to the conclusion – two years later, to be exact – that it was meant to train the ‘muscle men’ for the September 11th operations! And Allah knows best.”

Resurgence: “So did you finish the course?”

Gadahn: “No, I was dismissed by the instructor two days later! And for the record, I was by no means the only one to be expelled from the course or drop out of it, because as I said, it was extremely diffi­cult. Moreover, no one actually ‘completed’ the course, since it ended up being cut short due to the camp being closed down.”

Osama bin Laden firing a rifle. Source: Resurgence, Summer 2015, p. 32.

At Training Camp, He Reacts To 9/11 Attacks With “Surprise, Amazement, And Exhilaration” – “I Had No Doubts Whatsoever About Who Was Behind Them”

Resurgence: “Aameen. Now for the obligatory question without which no interview would be complete: how did you hear about the September 11th operations and what was your reaction?”

Adam: “Hmm. Let’s see… It was about 5:30 in the afternoon Qandahar time. I had just returned home from the bazaar, and when I turned on the radio and tuned it to the BBC, the first thing I remember hearing was the host was asking his guests, ‘Who could have done an oper ation like this?’ My first thought was that the death of Ahmad Shah Massoud had been confirmed and they were now trying to digest the news, because as you know, he had been the target of an attack two days before and the word around town was that he was in fact dead, contrary to official claims of him being lightly injured. But as I listened further to the broadcast, it became clear that they were talking about something else altogether, something bigger – much bigger.

“Slowly and piece by piece, the picture began to develop: New York, Washington, the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, hijacked passenger aircraft, etc.; and I think it was when the announcer confirmed that the second WTC tower had just collapsed and that both towers were now down that the enormity of the whole thing really hit me. As for my reaction, it was a mix of surpr ise, amazement and exhilaration as well as some apprehension, at least in the very beginning. The magnitude of the operations, the unprecedented damage they caused and the fact that I had no doubts whatsoever about who was behind them made me entertain the possibility that Qandahar could be the target of American aggression that very night! The feeling passed, however, after I calmed down a bit and was able to think things over in a rational manner.”

Resurgence: “What was the reaction of those around you to the operations?”

Gadahn: “Many people didn’t sleep that night. I certainly didn’t. There was a celebratory atmosphere, with cars full of mujahideen driving around and groups of brothers walking and talking in the streets. People were congratulating each other on this incredible and historic victory with which Allah had favored us. I remember some brothers said that now that Allah had blessed them to see America’s nose rubbed in the dirt and the myth of its invincibility debunked, they were totally 100% ready for martyrdom: i.e., after an experience like this, what more could they possibly want from this worldly life? That was a sample of the reaction of the brothers in Al-Qaeda in particular and the Arabs and non-Afghan muhajireen [foreign fighters] in general.

“As for the Afghan brothers, I will relate one story to give you a sense of their reaction. It was about a week after the operations – and perhaps just a day or two after the announcement of the death of Massoud – and I was walking along the main road when a driver stopped his car and offered me a ride home. He was an older Talib – perhaps in his mid-forties – whose leg had been amputated and who wore a black turban. As soon as I got into the car, he began to talk excitedly about the September 11th operations and the attack on Massoud, and how the Arab mujahideen were the best mujahideen in the world (he thought I was an Arab); and this continued for the entire duration of the ride (actually only about two minutes because he picked me up close to home). And as I was about to get out of the car, he told me one more thing which struck me: he told me he wanted to carry out a martyrdom operation too and asked if I coul d help him! So if this was the direction the Afghans were going in even before the Crusader invasion of Afghanistan, it’s no surprise then that the martyrdom operation would later become an important weapon of the Afghans in their blessed Jihad against America and her allies and puppets.

“There’s another amusing anecdote I’d like to mention in the context of people’s reaction to the operations. I was with David Hicks (‘Abu Muslim the Australian’ – may Allah guide him)[3] a few weeks after the operations, perhaps just before the American bombing began, and I asked him jokingly if he had ever thought he would live to see the start of World War 3, to which he replied, ‘Yes, but I didn’t think it would be started by people w ho eat naan (Afghan flatbread) and drink chai (Afghan green tea)!’ In other words, he didn’t expect it to be started by people of such modest means and simple lifestyles.”

On 9/11 Attackers: Al-Ghamdi “Was A Cheerful Guy”; Al-Haznawi Served As “Master Of Ceremonies At A Wedding Party”

Resurgence: “Did you know any of the martyrs of the September 11th operations?”

Gadahn: “I knew a couple of the brothers fairly well, specifically Brother Julaybeeb (Hamza Al-Ghamdi may Allah accept him),[4] who was a cheerful guy who was always helping out with cooking and other chores, and Brother ‘Urwah Al-Taaifi (Hani Hanjour – may Allah accept him),[5] who spent some time with us on the Qarabagh frontline north of Kabul, and who I remember asked me once while we both were at the Ghulam Badshah guesthouse (which was located in the Karte Parwan neighborhood of Kabul) about domestic flights in America and whether security on them was less strict than on international flights, to which I replied in the affirmative. So it seems he had already been recruited for the operation by that time (late 1999).

  Gadahn met Osama bin Laden (top) and 9/11 attackers (highlighted in yellow by MEMRI), clockwise from bottom left: Hani Hasan Hanjour, Hamza Al-Ghamidi, and Abdul Aziz Al-Omari, as well as Ahmad Al-Haznawi, center. Source: Resurgence Summer 2015, p. 75. 

“By the way, Hani Hanjour is – as far as I know – the only one of the four pilots to have received flight training and a commercial pilot’s license before preparations commenced for the operation, which perhaps explains how he was able to seemingly effortlessly execute the difficult 330-degree turn and high-speed, low-altitude approach needed to hit the Pentagon, but the irony is that the conspiracy theorists insist on portraying him as a novice student with poor piloting skills in order to support their theory that a missile hit the Pentagon and not a plane!

“As for the other brothers, I must have seen or met most of them either in Kabul or in Qandahar, but I really can’t recall any of them, other than Brother Al-Jarraah Al-Ghamdi (Ahmad Al-Haznawi – may Allah accept him) who I am able to place only because he was the master of ceremonies at a wedding party that was held at the airport complex. I may also have exchanged greetings with Brother Abu Al-Abbas Al-Janoobi (Abdulaziz Al-Omari – may Allah accept him) during a visit to the offices of as-Sahab in Qandahar.”

“Allegations Concerning The Un-Islamic Character And Behavior” Of The 9/11 Attackers “Were A Deliberate Attempt… [To] Keep Muslims From Sympathizing With Those Behind Them And Emulating Them”

Resurgence: “Speaking of conspiracy theorists, one of the claims they have often put forward as ‘proof’ of the falseness of the official version of 9/11 is that that some of those alleged to have planned and carried out the operations were ‘known’ to have engaged – in the period in which they were supposed to be preparing for the operations – in forms of sin and debauchery inconsistent with what one would expect to be the behavior of Muslims about to become martyrs for Islam. Does this oft-repeated claim have any factual basis?”

Gadahn: “I think rumors and allegations concerning the un-Islamic character and behavior of the heroes of September 11th were a deliberate attempt by certain parties to confuse people about the operations and k eep Muslims from sympathizing with those behind them and emulating them. I know for a fact that a number of the aspersions cast on the character of the September 11th brothers are totally baseless.

“For example, the enemies claim that Brother Ziad Jarrah – may Allah accept him – had a Turkish ‘girlfriend’ in Germany who he continued to visit and correspond with until shortly before the execution of the operations. But I heard from none other than Brother Said Bahaji, one of the members of the so-called ‘Hamburg Cell,’ that she was in fact Ziad’s legal wife whom he had married according to Islamic law; however, their marriage was not registered with the government, which led the enemies to call her his ‘girlfriend.’

“Similarly, Commander Khalid Sheikh Muhammad – may Allah deliver him – is sometimes described as having been some sort of irreligious, womanizing playboy, when in fact everyone who knows him knows he is a devoted family man with a great love for Islam from an early age. You can see his zeal for Islam clearly in the words of Sheikh Abdullah ‘Azzam (may Allah have mercy on him), who, in an article in Al-Jihad Magazine eulogizing ‘Aabid Sheikh Muhammad (Khalid’s brother who was martyred in the Afghan Jihad against the Russians – may Allah have mercy on him) mentions that he (i.e. Sheikh Abdullah Azzam) spent time during one of the major battles with Khalid, whom he called ‘the Secretary,’ and that Khalid loved to listen to Koranic recitation, and that both he and Khalid each tried to finish reciting the entire Koran in seven days, which is how the Prophet – peace and blessings of Allah be upon him – used to recite it. Obviously, this is not the description of a man with a superficial connection to Islam. And those who want to read more can find Sheikh ‘Azzam’s eulogy of ‘Aabid Sheikh Muhammad in a compilation of articles and transcripts entitled ‘Ushaaq Al-Hoor (Lovers of Houries).”

Photo of New York City skyline during 9/11 attacks. Source: Resurgence, Summer 2015, p. 77.

Two “Prophetic Dreams” He Heard About Prior To 9/11

Resurgence: “One of the things brothers talk about in connection with September 11th is the prophetic dreams which were seen by a number of people before the operations. Can you tell us about some of these dreams?”

Gadahn: “Yes. One dream I overheard being related second-hand in late 1999 while at the Ghulam Badshah guesthouse went something like this: ‘A brother saw in his dream that he was flying, and he entered a large building or a tower, and th en an angel struck the building with his wing, and it fell down.’ This was around the same time that Brother ‘Urwah asked me about security on flights; and some of the other pilots may also have been staying in Kabul then. Another dream which was related to me just a few months before the operations, and which I heard directly from the mouth of the brother who saw it, was as follows: ‘I saw New York City, with its famous skyline, but the city was empty and devoid of life, like a ghost town.’

“The brother interpreted it as meaning that there might be some sort of an attack on New York City which might cause the city to be evacuated, an interpretation which I took with a grain of salt at the time! I should mention that the brother who saw this dream had absolutely nothing to do with the operations and would not have known anything about them.

“And I totally forgot about this dream until one of the brothers reminded me of it a few days after September 11th. There was at least one other dream I heard before the operations involving towers and some sort of aircraft, again seen by someone with no connection to the operations and (moreover) no connection to Al-Qaeda – he was a businessman visiting from the Arabian Gulf – but the two I have mentioned here are the most direct and explicit and the ones which have stayed with me over the years. I should point out in this context that these sorts of visions were not limited to the run up to September 11th; rather, they were regularly seen before other major operations as well, to the extent that Sheikh Usama had to forbid people from relating any dreams they might have had just before the attack on the destroyer USS Cole, because so many people were seeing dreams about attacks on ships and Jihad at sea that the Sheikh was afraid that the operation would be compromised or uncovered by the enemies if they got wind of this ‘chatter’!”

After 9/11 And Fall Of Islamic Emirate In Afghanistan, 9/11 Mastermind Khalid Sheikh Muhammad And Family “Hosted And Sheltered” Gadahn And His “Emigrant Brothers”

Resurgence, Summer 2015, p. 79. 

Resurgence: “How was your time in Pakistan after the fall of the Islamic Emirate?”

Gadahn: “While in Pakistan, I and my emigrant brothers were blessed by Allah to have numerous Ansaar (supporters) who combined Nusra (support) with Hijrah (emigration), Jihad and Istishhaad (seeking of martyrdom), and who hosted and sheltered us and did their best to take care of all our needs despite the difficulties and risks. We are greatly indebted to them all, and if I could, I would mention and thank all of them by name, but because I know that naming them could compromise their security, I will only mention a few of those who have embraced martyrdom or will not be harmed by being mentioned: [Gadahn lists and details a number of individuals]… Commander Khalid Sheikh Muhammad (may Allah deliver him) and his nephews, family and friends (may Allah accept their martyrs and free their captives).”

Among Those He Was “Most Inspired Or Affected By” Gadahn Lists Leading Al-Qaeda Figures – Including Current Al-Qaeda Leader Al-Zawahiri

Resurgence: “Amongst your teachers and instructors over the years, who has inspired or influenced you most?”

Gadahn: “I think those I have been most inspired or affected by were by and large the scholars and students of knowledge, whether those whom I studied under, like Sheikh Abu Hafs Al-Mauritani, Sheikh Abu Abdullah Al-Muhajir and Sheikh Abu Yusuf Al-Mauritani (may Allah accept him), or those I consulted with in matters of ‘aqeedah and fiqh and from whose fatwas I have benefited, like Sheikh Abu Al-Waleed Al-Ansaari, Sheikh Esa and Sheikh Mansoor Al-Shami (may Allah accept him), as well as those who I came to know later on and work with and consult not only in matters of religion but also in matters of media and policy, like Sheikh ‘Attiyatullah and Sheikh Abu Yahya – may Allah accept them – and our beloved Ameer Sheikh Ayman Al-Zaw ahiri – may Allah preserve him – who has never been sparing nor stingy in offering me encouragement and advice as well as constructive criticism whenever needed.

“I think Sheikh Abu Mus’ab Al-Suri also deserves mention in this context. Another person really dear to me and close to my heart is Sheikh Ibn Al-Sheikh Al-Libi (may Allah accept him), the ameer of Khalden, although he wasn’t really one of my teachers, but he was a really nice person who I looked up to; and the same goes for Abu Zubaidah, Sheikh Abu Hafs Al-Misri (may Allah have mercy on him), Khalid Sheikh Muhammad and a number of other Sheikhs, commanders and brothers too many to mention here. And last but not least, I have to make special mention of the director of As-Sahab, who has taught me a lot about media work.”

Meeting With Bin Laden

Also in the interview, Gadahn spoke of meeting Osama bin Laden numerous times, even of sharing meals with him. “There was an occasion,” he added, “where I acted as translator between Shaykh Usama and a group of brothers who had come from Pakistan. I also attended a number of gatherings and events at the Qandahar airport complex (aka Tarnak Farms), where Shaykh Usama lived. One of the memories I have of those gatherings is the day on which were taken those famous pictures of Shaykh Usama dressed in white and firing a Kalashnikov from a crouching position with his bodyguards and other brothers lined up behind him (I’m the one on th e Shaykh’s right who is wearing a white turban, long green shirt and black shoes and has his hands crossed behind his back).”

Referring to the letters taken from bin Laden’s compound in Abottabad, Pakistan after his assassination, he said that he was glad that they showed bin Laden’s concern for the wellbeing of the Al-Qaeda fighters, and added: “The Shaykh would also regularly inquire about the conditions of the Mujahideen in the various regions, whether in terms of supplies, finances, their security situation or even their marital status and how often they were able to visit their families.”

*Steven Stalinsky is Executive Director of The Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI).

Endnotes:

[1] Whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/04/23/statement-press-secretary, April 23, 2015.

[3] David Hicks is an alleged terrorist who was held at Guantanamo from 2002 to 2007. In 2007 he pleaded guilty to attempted murder and to providing material support for terrorism in exchange for a transfer to an Australian prison, but is now attempting to have his conviction overturned. See Abc.net.au, January 23, 2015.

[4] Hamza Al-Ghamdi was on United Airlines Flight 175, which crashed into th e World Trade Center’s south tower, the second of the two planes to hit the World Trade Center buildings.

[5] Hani Hanjour was on American Airlines Flight 77, which crashed into the Pentagon.

$1.7 Billion to Iran, but the Cash Does not End There

FNC: As many as 100,000 Iranian-backed fighters are now on the ground in Iraq, according to American military officials — raising concerns that even if the Islamic State falls, it may only be replaced by another anti-American force which fuels more sectarian violence in the region.

The ranks have swelled inside a network of Shiite militias known as Popular Mobilization Forces. Since the rise of Sunni-dominated ISIS fighters inside Iraq more than two years ago, the Shiite forces have grown to 100,000 fighters, Col. Chris Garver, a Baghdad-based U.S. military spokesman, confirmed in an email to Fox News. The fighters are mostly Iraqis.

Garver said not all the Shia militias in Iraq are backed by Iran, adding: “The [Iranian-backed] Shia militia are usually identified at around 80,000.”

According to some experts, this still is an alarmingly high number.

Even more troubling to the U.S. military are reports that Qassem Soleimani, an Iranian general who commands the Islamic Revolutionary Guard’s Quds Force, is now on the ground outside Mosul ahead of an expected ground operation to retake Iraq’s second-largest city which has been under ISIS control for the past two years.

According to the Long War Journal, a spokesman for the Iranian-backed forces said earlier this month that Soleimani is expected to play a “major role” in the battle for Mosul.  

When asked about Shia militias participating in the liberation of Sunni-dominated Mosul, the top U.S. military commander in Iraq said last week, “The government of Iraq is in charge of this war. We’re here to support them. So, who they [want in] the campaign is really their decision.” 

A U.S. military official could not confirm Soleimani’s presence in Mosul, but said Soleimani had been seen throughout Iraq and Syria in the past two years coordinating activities. More here.

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Protecting money designated for Iraq is sneaking into the hands of the Iranian militia. Exactly what are we knowingly funding and who is tracking it?

(U//FOUO) Section 1236 Report: Department of Defense (DoD) Quarterly Progress Report on the Authority to Provide Assistance to Counter the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL)  Document here but heavily redacted.

**** Yes, there is more….

SecurityAssistance: Following the collapse of Iraq’s fighting force, the United States is again trying to train and equip the Iraqi military to effectively defeat a terrorist group.  In FY2015, Congress allocated $1.6 billion for the Iraq Train and Equip Fund (ITEF) with $1.2 billion for official Iraqi forces, $350 million for Kurdish forces, and $24 million for tribal security forces.

According to the fact sheet, the United States has already provided Iraq’s security forces over 1,200 military vehicles, approximately 20,000 smalls arms and heavy weapons, 2,000 additional AT-4 anti-tank weapons and nearly 300 counter improvised explosive device equipment and more than 2,000 Iraqi Kurdish Forces received U.S. military training. In addition, the administration has requested an additional $715 million for ITEF for FY2016, which both houses of Congress have included in their versions of this year’s National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA).

Iraq does not just receive funding through ITEP though. Allocations for U.S. Foreign Military Financing (FMF) program began in FY 2012 for $850 million, originally intended to build up Iraq’s long-term sustainment and logistics capabilities, but as IS gained momentum in Iraq in 2014, portions of FMF funding were redirected to urgent counterterrorism supplies, including critical resupply of Hellfire missiles, rockets, tank ammunition, small arms/ammo and individual soldier items. Moving into FY2016, the administration has requested $250 million for FMF, the same amount that was allocated in FY 2015.

While these two programs compose the majority of security assistance to Iraq, some U.S. security aid programs still provide millions of dollars in funding to Iraq each year such as the Nonproliferation, Anti-Terrorism, Demining, and Related Programs (NADR). From FY 2012-2015, Congress allocated on average $28 million annually for NADR, a relatively small decline in funding compared to the $30 million allocated annually during the last two years of the Iraq war.

U.S. security assistance to Iraq has returned to levels not seen since the end of the Iraq War in an effort to rebuild the Iraqi military and combat the Islamic State. The State Department stresses its dedication “to helping Iraq improve security, maintain sovereignty, and push back against terrorism, most recently ISIL.” As the United States continues its campaign against IS into 2016 one hopes that U.S. assistance is more effective compared to the last go-round, especially since the latest video released by IS depicts the fighters training with American-made M16 assault rifles.

****

The Department of Defense was required to budget and buy Iran’s designated ‘heavy water’. Really? Yes.

In part from ScienceMag: DOE has struck a deal to purchase 32 tons of heavy water—water containing the hydrogen isotope deuterium—from the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran.

The $8.6 million sale, expected to be completed Friday morning in Vienna, helps Iran meet a commitment under last July’s nuclear deal to shed heavy water—and it will have a swords-to-ploughshares payoff. “We’re securing material that will allow us to do great science,” says Thom Mason, director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee. DOE will resell a portion to industry for uses such as nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and protecting optical fibers and semiconductors against deterioration by blasting them with deuterium gas. DOE will also send 6 tons to Oak Ridge for an upgrade of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), the world’s most powerful accelerator-driven machine for generating neutrons for research.

****

In part from ExchangeMonitor: Heavy water, which is used in some plutonium-producing nuclear reactors, is key for nuclear weapons development.

The agreement requires Iran to redesign and rebuild its heavy-water reactor at Arak; focus on using light water for future power and research reactors; not to build any new heavy-water reactors or accumulate the material for 15 years; and make all excess domestic heavy water available for export to foreign buyers.

In a prepared statement, the Department of Energy said there were no plans for additional purchases of Iranian heavy water: “The U.S. will not be Iran’s customer forever. It is exclusively Iran’s responsibility to find a way to meet its JCPOA commitments, whether that is by selling, diluting or disposing of future stocks of heavy water to remain within the JCPOA limit.”

Some of the heavy water will be used at the Oak Ridge lab’s Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), with the rest provided to commercial users.

An amendment from Sen. Tom Cotton (R-Ark.) against purchases of heavy water from Iran temporarily held up passage of the Senate energy appropriations bill this spring. The amendment was eventually stripped from the legislation.

A bill from Rep. Mike Pompeo (R-Kan.) to prohibit any federal entity in any fiscal year from spending money on Iranian heavy water passed the House in July and was referred to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

Kase Lawal, Hillary, Barack and Boko Haram

 

Bring Back Our Girls: Michelle Obama and Malala Yousafzai support campaign for return of kidnapped Nigeria schoolgirls

 BuzzNigeria.com  A video was released in August with new Boko Haram demands but YouTube removed it.

McClatchy: HOUSTON — A Texas oilman who’s accused of defrauding the Nigerian government by illegally pumping and exporting 10 million barrels of oil is a major fundraiser for Hillary Clinton’s presidential campaign.

Kase Lawal of Houston is at least the fourth person accused or convicted of criminal wrongdoing to help finance Clinton’s political ambitions since 2000 and the second in her quest for the White House. The list also includes Chinese and Pakistani fugitives and a former Miami lawyer who was convicted of defrauding Cuba.

There’s no indication that Clinton’s campaign was aware of Lawal’s legal problems when it accepted his help in raising more than $100,000, but a McClatchy investigation in the U.S. and Nigeria suggests that her campaign did little to scrutinize the background of one of its top fundraisers.

****

In 2010, Kase Lawal, Member, Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations for the White House. CAMAC Energy, NYSE (CAK) was founded in 2005. CAMAC Energy Inc. has offices in Hartsdale, New York; Houston, Texas; Beijing, China and Lagos, Nigeria.

****

Lawal maxed out donations to Hillary’s 2016 primary campaign, and his wife Eileen donated $50,000—the most allowed—to President Obama’s 2009 inaugural committee.

Lawal describes himself as a devout Muslim who began memorizing the Quran at age 3 while attending an Islamic school. “Religion played a very important role in our lives,” he told a reporter in 2006. “Every time you finish a chapter they kill a chicken, and if you finish the whole thing, a goat.” In Africa, Lawal has been at the center of multiple criminal proceedings, even operating as a fugitive. Over the last decade, he faced charges in South Africa over an illegal oil scheme along with charges in Nigeria of illegally pumping and exporting 10 million barrels of oil.

Read more: http://newsrescue.com/report-links-nigerian-corrupt-billionaires-clinton-foundation-boko-haram/#ixzz4Jgxw7OrA

Read more: http://newsrescue.com/report-links-nigerian-corrupt-billionaires-clinton-foundation-boko-haram/#ixzz4Jgxf5UtN

 

Hillary Clinton Obstructed Boko Haram Terror Designation as Her Donors Cashed In

Source: Hillary Obstructed Boko Haram’s Terror Designation as Her Donors Cashed In | PJ Media

By Patrick Poole

…as Boko Haram began to ramp up its terror campaign in 2011 and 2012, Hillary Clinton obstructed the official terror designation of the group over the objections of Congress, the FBI, the CIA and the Justice Department.

Why did Hillary Clinton’s State Department drag its feet on the terror designation in the face of near unanimous opposition from the rest of the U.S. government?

A recent series of reports exposes that a close Clinton family confidante — and Hillary campaign bundler — profited from Nigeria’s lucrative oil fields. He engaged in multiple illegal deals throughout Africa. …

Why is no one in the media talking about Hillary and Boko Haram?

It is worth nothing that Congress had to drag a reluctant State Department kicking and screaming to get Boko Haram designated in November 2013, after Hillary Clinton had left office.

Hillary Clinton’s willful obstruction in the matter is easy to document:

  • Members of Congress discovered in 2014 that the Clinton State Department intentionally lied and downplayed the threat from Boko Haram, and worked to kill bills in both the House and the Senate calling for their designation in 2012.
  • As Reuters reported, the Justice Department’s National Security Division strongly urged the State Department to designate Boko Haram, but then a group of 21 American academics rallied to the State Department’s aid by sending a letter to Hillary Clinton strongly arguing against Boko Haram’s designation.
  • We also now know that the Obama administration was sitting on intelligence— obtained as a result of the Bin Laden raid— that revealed Boko Haram’s direct connection to al-Qaeda and the international terror network in 2011 and 2012. In other words, Hillary’s State Department was arguing that Boko Haram had no such connections, that it wasn’t a transnational terror threat, even though the Obama administration — and likely Clinton herself — knew that was false.

An important two-part investigative series by WORLD magazine reporters Mindy Belz and J.C. Derrick provides some insight:

Belz and Derrick discovered that Hillary Clinton’s obstruction of the Boko Haram designation, and the continuing chaos in northern Nigeria — Africa’s largest economy and the 10th largest oil producer in the world — directly benefited Clinton Global Initiative donors and a close Clinton confidante who bundled campaign cash for Hillary.

From the second article from Belz and Derrick:

Perhaps the most prominent Nigerian with ties to the Clintons is Houston-based Kase Lawal. The founder of CAMAC Energy, an oil exploration and energy consortium, Lawal had a long history with Bill Clinton before becoming a “bundler” for Hillary’s 2008 presidential bid, amassing $100,000 in contributions and hosting a fundraiser in his Houston home — a 14-room, 15,264-square-foot mansion. Lawal maxed out donations to Hillary’s 2016 primary campaign, and his wife Eileen donated $50,000 — the most allowed — to President Obama’s 2009 inaugural committee.Lawal describes himself as a devout Muslim who began memorizing the Quran at age 3 while attending an Islamic school. “Religion played a very important role in our lives,” he told a reporter in 2006. “Every time you finish a chapter they kill a chicken, and if you finish the whole thing, a goat.”

Today the Houston oil exec — who retired in May as CEO but continues as chairman of the board of CAMAC, now called Erin Energy — tops the list of wealthiest Nigerians living in North America. His firm reports about $2.5 billion in annual revenue, making it one of the top private companies in the United States.

In Africa, Lawal has been at the center of multiple criminal proceedings, even operating as a fugitive. Over the last decade, he faced charges in South Africa over an illegal oil scheme along with charges in Nigeria of illegally pumping and exporting 10 million barrels of oil.

In the Democratic Republic of Congo, Lawal arranged a 2011 plot to purchase 4 tons of gold from a rebel warlord, Bosco Ntaganda, linked to massacres and mass rapes.Ntaganda was on a U.S. sanctions list, meaning anyone doing business with him could face up to 20 years in prison. Lawal contacted Clinton’s State Department, and authorities in Congo released his plane and associates in the plot.

He never faced charges in the United States, and he remains a commissioner for the Port Authority of Houston.

Lawal’s energy firm holds lucrative offshore oil licenses in Nigeria, as well as exploration and production licenses in Gambia, Ghana, and Kenya, where he operates in a conflict-ridden area largely controlled by Somalia’s al-Shabaab militants.

The firm also has held contracts in Nigeria for crude oil lifting, or transferring oil from its collection point to refineries. Until last year, when newly elected President Muhammadu Buhari began an effort to reform the process, contracting for lifting has been awash in kickbacks, bribes, and illegal activity.

Overland lifting contracts often involve partnership with the North’s past and present governors, including those who serve as quasi-warlords with ties to Boko Haram and other militants.

Lawal’s enterprises have long been rumored to be involved in such deals, as have indigenous oil concerns like Petro Energy and Oando, Nigeria’s largest private oil and gas company, based in Lagos and headed by Adewale Tinubu, another controversial Clinton donor.

In 2014, Oando pledged 1.5 percent of that year’s pre-tax profits and 1 percent of future profits to a Clinton Global Initiative education program. This year, Adewale gained notoriety when the Panama Papers revealed he holds at least 12 shell companies, leading to suspicion of money laundering, tax evasion, and other corruption.

In 2013 Bill Clinton stood alongside Adewale’s uncle, Bola Tinubu, while attending the dedication of a massive, controversial reclamation project called Eko Atlantic. Critics call Bola Tinubu, leader of the ruling All Progressives Congress party, Nigeria’s “looter in chief.” A Nigerian documentary says that when the billionaire landowner was governor of Lagos State (1999-2007), he funneled huge amounts of state funds — up to 15 percent of annual tax revenues — to a private consulting firm in which he had controlling interest.

In the United States, where he studied and worked in the 1970s and ’80s, Tinubu is still a suspect in connection with a Chicago heroin ring he allegedly operated with his wife and three other family members. In 1993 Tinubu forfeited $460,000 to American authorities, who believe he trafficked drugs and laundered the proceeds.

But wait, there’s more:

Beneath the surface, literally, Boko Haram was making it possible for illicit operators to lay claim to the area for their own purposes, and to pump oil from Nigeria’s underground reserves to Chad. Using 3-D drilling, Chad operators can extract Nigerian oil — without violating Nigerian property rights — to sell on open markets. One benefactor of the arrangement is Ali Modu Sheriff, a leading politician in the North, Borno State governor until 2011, and an alleged sponsor of Boko Haram, who is close friends with longtime Chad President Idriss Déby.The very terrorism that seems to be deterring oil exploration in reality can help illicit extraction, forcing residents to flee and giving cover to under-the-table oil traders. In 2015, a year when overall oil prices dipped 6 percent, Lawal’s Erin Energy stock value skyrocketed 295 percent—the best-performing oil and gas stock in the United States.

Hillary Clinton’s obstruction of the Boko Haram terror designation in the face of FBI, CIA, DOJ, and Congressional urging to do so is a documented fact. But the reason for Hillary’s obstruction, which the establishment media has never pressed Clinton for, remains unanswered.

Documents: Mahmoud Abbas Former KGB, Syria

KGB document claims Mahmoud Abbas was an agent in Damascus

A KGB document that was revealed by Israel’s Channel 1 claims that in 1983, the Palestinian Authority President was an agent in Damascus. Senior level PA officials rejected the claims and accused Israel of attempting to damage the President’s image.

JerusalemOnline: According to a document that was released this evening (Wednesday) by Israel’s Channel 1, PA President Mahmoud Abbas was an undercover Soviet agent in Syria more than 30 years ago. The story was reported by Channel 1’s foreign news desk editor Oren Nahari.

According to the report, the details were revealed in documents that KGB defector Vasili Mitrokhin brought with him to the West. Among the documents was a list from 1938 that included the names of Palestinian sources and agents in Damascus.

image descriptionPhoto Credit: The Mitrokhin Archives/Channel 2 News

In the list, it is clearly listed that Mahmoud Abbas, whose code name was Krotov (mole), was a KGB agent in Syria. Mitrokhin’s archives were made available to researchers recently and the list found its way to the Hebrew University’s Truman Institute researchers Isabella Ginor and Gideon Remez.

It is unclear whether Abbas was an agent before or after 1983. In the document, the code name Krotov is listed as “Mahmoud Abbas, born in 1935 of Palestinian origin.”

The PA responded to the report by rejecting the claims. Senior level PA officials asserted that this was a joke and an Israeli attempt to damage Abbas’ name in light of the political deadlock.

Related reading: Mitrokhin’s KGB archive opens to public 

Mitrokhin Archive

The Mitrokhin Archive consists of summarized notes taken by Vasili Nikitich Mitrokhin, a former KGB archivist who defected to the United Kingdom after the fall of the Soviet Union. Primarily, this collection contains items from his “Chekist Anthology,” which covers activities of the secret Soviet organization Cheka in places such as Czechoslovakia, Afghanistan, and Egypt. For more context, please read the “Note on Sources” and biography of Mitrokhin below, all of which should be read before any other documents. See also Intelligence Operations in the Cold War and the Vassiliev Notebooks. (Image, Mitrokhin) No image found.

Meanwhile:

MOSCOW (Sputnik) – The Russian authorities continue talks with the leadership of Israel and Palestine to organize a meeting of their presidents, but such meeting is not on the agenda yet, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said Wednesday.  

Earlier media reports suggested that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas were considering coming to Moscow for Russia-mediated talks in late September.  

“[This meeting] is not on the agenda at the moment,” Peskov told reporters.

“You know that the special presidential representative for the Middle East was in the region, he continues his work, he continues his contacts with the corresponding sides,” he added.

**** YNetNews: The report claims that information was taken from documents smuggled to the West by Vasili Mitrokhin who was a major and senior archivist for the KGB. Mitrokhin eventually became a defector against the Soviet regime and fled to the West in possession of many documents which he smuggled from Russia to London.

The Mitrokhin Archive was opened to public researchers just a few months ago. The relevant document reached researchers at the Truman Institute’s, Dr. Isabella Ginor and Gideon Remez, who previously worked for Israel’s Voice of Israel (Kol Yisrael).

Contained in the documents is, among other things, a list list of sources from 1983, aids and Palestinian agents of the KGB in Damascus. Listed among them is Mahmoud Abbas, born in 1935, under the codename of ‘Kortov’—mole—and marked as a KGB agent in Syria.

Mitrokhin’s documents reveal the identities of more than one thousand spies and collaborators who worked for the KGB. Indeed, investigators have emphasized that Mahmoud Abbas is listed not as a collaborator or someone who could be turned into a spy, but categorically as a KGB agent.

“The full archive of Mitrokhin was opened to researchers only last year and we ordered the entire file on the Middle East numbered 24. It was sent to us from Cambridge University and we read it point by point,” Remez said. “The source is extremely reliable when not all the details are known.”

 

According to the list, Abbas was an agent in 1983 but it is not yet known whether he also was before or after that year. A preliminary conclusion that has been drawn is that he was recruited to the KGB when he was a student in Moscow when he wrote a doctoral dissertation in which he grossly played down the crimes of the Holocaust.

 

Iran Challenges our Navy Again, Full Control of Waterway

The USS Firebolt is a sea patrol boat. This is the 31st ‘unsafe’ incident this year with the Iranians. Last year it was only 23 incidents. The U.S. Navy is extremely sensitive to these kinds of boats in adversarial waters due to the bombing of the USS Cole where 17 sailors died. The case is commencing once again tomorrow September 7, 2016 at Guantanamo.

USNI: Three of the FIACs maneuvered close to Firebolt, mirroring the ship’s course and speed at a distance of about 500 yards for about eight minutes before leaving. Separate from the regular Iranian Navy, the IRGCN answers directly to the Iranian sectarian government and is given blanket leave to act “boldly and courageously” in the performance of its duties, a former defense official told USNI News. Since 2007, the IRGCN has been in charge of Iran’s costal defense since then has precipitated several international maritime incidents in and around the Persian Gulf.

 

 

Iranian boats swarm US warship, force it to change course in Persian Gulf

Stripes: WASHINGTON – An American warship was forced off course after seven Iranian fast attack boats swarmed it Sunday in the central Persian Gulf, continuing a recent pattern of Iranian harassment of U.S. military ships, a Pentagon spokesman said Tuesday.

One of the small Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps watercraft stopped directly in the USS Firebolt’s path where it turned to face the American coastal patrol ship, said U.S. Navy Capt. Jeff Davis, a Pentagon spokesman. After several attempts at radio communication, the Firebolt was forced to maneuver to avoid a collision. The American ship came within about 100 yards of the boat.

It was at least the fifth time in the last two weeks the Revolutionary Guard boats, controlled by hard-line, anti-American clerics close to Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, harassed U.S. Navy ships. In one of those incidents, another American coastal patrol ship, the USS Squall, fired three warning shots before the Iranian boats fled. In the previous encounters, the closest the two sides had come was about 200 yards, military officials have said.

“This is clearly a pattern, and it is one we are not happy about,” Davis said on Tuesday. “We would like to see this type of behavior to stop.”

In Sunday’s incident, at least three of the Iranian boats sped within 500 yards of the Firebolt, tailed the ship in “an unsafe and unprofessional manner,” and left the area once it changed course. It was not immediately clear how long the incident lasted.

The Iranian boats were clearly armed, Davis added. Crewmembers aboard the vessels were manning machine guns, but the weapons were never aimed at the Firebolt.

“We would like all players operating in international waters to do so professionally,” Davis said. “When they don’t act professionally, there is risk of collision or accident, or risk of miscalculation or unnecessary escalation.”

Just last week, Gen. Joseph Votel, head of U.S. Central Command, called out the recent actions by Iran’s Revolutionary Guard, and warned that continued provocations could cause “an international incident.”

“If they continue to test us, we are going to respond, and we are going to protect ourselves and our partners,” Votel said during a visit to the Pentagon. “Ultimately, we will prevail here. I’m very, very confident of that, and we certainly don’t want that to come to pass, and that’s why I call on them to act in the professional manner that they espouse to act, particularly in international waters.”

The Iranians have typically ignored the Americans’ stated concerns about such actions, saying they have the right to investigate or confront vessels near their shoreline.

The Navy estimates about 10 percent of all its interactions with Iranian military vessels since the beginning of 2015 have been unprofessional.